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Finland

Open in the explorerOrganisations (10)Events

Production, refining and reserves

CommodityMetricValueWorld rank · shareSource
CobaltMine production 20253,340 t Co content—IEA Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2026 (Critical Minerals Dataset, July 2026)
CobaltRefinery production 202520,344 t Co content—IEA Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2026 (Critical Minerals Dataset, July 2026)
CopperMine production 202227,637 t Cu content#34 · 0.1%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2022 (copper), table 20
NickelMine production 202557,000 t Ni content—IEA Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2026 (Critical Minerals Dataset, July 2026)
NickelRefinery production 202560,000 t Ni content—IEA Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2026 (Critical Minerals Dataset, July 2026)
ChromiumMine production 20251.9 million t gross weight (chromite ore)#7 · 4%USGS MCS 2026
ChromiumReserves 202563 million t gross weight (chromite ore)#5 · 5%USGS MCS 2026
PlatinumMine production 2023933 kg Pt content#7 · 0.5%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (platinum-group metals, tables-only release), table 5
PlatinumRefinery production 20231,100 kg Pt content#9 · 0.4%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (platinum-group metals, tables-only release), table 6
PalladiumMine production 2023762 kg Pd content#7 · 0.4%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (platinum-group metals, tables-only release), table 5
PalladiumRefinery production 20231,700 kg Pd content#9 · 0.5%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (platinum-group metals, tables-only release), table 6
ZincMine production 202358,000 t Zn content#21 · 0.5%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (zinc, tables-only release), table 16
Phosphate rockMine production 2025980,000 t marketable phosphate rock (gross weight)#21 · 0.4%USGS MCS 2026
Phosphate rockReserves 20251,000 million t marketable phosphate rock (gross weight)#10 · 1%USGS MCS 2026
ThoriumResources 201460,000 t Th—OECD-NEA/IAEA Red Book 2014 (Uranium 2014), Table 1.17
UraniumResources 20231,200 t U content#59 · 0%NEA/IAEA Red Book 2024 (Uranium 2024), Table 1.2a, <USD 260/kgU
SeleniumRefinery production 202539 t Se content (refined)#14 · 1%USGS MCS 2026
SeleniumReserves 2024300 t Se content#9 · 0.3%USGS MCS 2025
SulfurRefinery production 2023640,000 t S content—USGS MCS 2024
Mica (scrap and flake)Mine production 202557,000 t scrap and flake mica#3 · 16%USGS MCS 2026
PeatMine production 20252.5 million t peat#1 · 15%USGS MCS 2026
PeatReserves 20256,000 million t peat#1 · 46%USGS MCS 2026
Sand and gravel (industrial)Mine production 20162.4 million t industrial sand and gravel—USGS MCS 2017
Talc and pyrophylliteMine production 2025200,000 t talc and pyrophyllite#10 · 3%USGS MCS 2026
WollastoniteMine production 202410,000 t wollastonite—USGS MCS 2025

Policies and export measures

Policy tracker →

  • 2024-12-19 · strategy

    National Mineral Strategy (2024)

    Strategy published by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment setting goals for growth and value added in the mineral cluster, responsible operations, skills and research, international cooperation, effective implementation of the EU Critical Raw Materials Act and secure raw-material supply for industry. Proposed measures include smoother permitting, more mapping of bedrock mineral potential and better preparedness for supply-chain disruptions.

    Source: Finnish Government, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment (valtioneuvosto.fi)

  • 2023-06-01 · incentive

    Mining Act amendment (505/2023)

    Amends the Mining Act (621/2011). Exploration, gold-panning and mining permits may not be granted if the activity is judged to endanger national defence, security of supply, critical infrastructure or comparable national-security interests, and such cases are decided by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment. It also introduces a per-hectare reservation fee for exploration reservations and strengthens local and environmental safeguards.

    Source: Finlex (Ministry of Justice, Finland)

  • 2021-01-26 · strategy

    National Battery Strategy 2025

    Strategy prepared by a working group for the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment to make Finland a competitive and sustainable part of the international battery industry. Its cornerstones include availability and refining of battery raw materials, battery materials and recycling, and electrification know-how, and it proposes a national cooperation body to implement it.

    Source: Finnish Government, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment (valtioneuvosto.fi)

Trade in critical minerals

Exports 2024$5.3 bn

  1. Nickel$2.0 bnto China 31%, Norway 19%, Netherlands 10% · 48 more
  2. Copper$1.5 bnto Germany 37%, Sweden 27%, Russia 14% · 42 more
  3. Zinc$865 mto Netherlands 38%, Germany 26%, Belgium 11% · 34 more
  4. Chromium$349 mto United States of America 30%, Sweden 23%, Netherlands 22% · 18 more
  5. Cobalt*$257 mto Belgium 31%, Japan 26%, Germany 11% · 37 more
  6. Aluminium$151 mto Germany 20%, Sweden 18%, India 18% · 30 more
  7. Lead$38 mto Sweden 92%, Latvia 3%, Belgium 2% · 10 more
  8. Phosphate rock$22 mto Norway 100%, United Kingdom 0%, Canada 0% · 2 more

and 29 more commodities

Imports 2024$4.2 bn

  1. Copper$1.9 bnfrom Sweden 27%, Brazil 11%, Belgium 11% · 31 more
  2. Nickel$1.1 bnfrom Russia 59%, Brazil 10%, Canada 9% · 22 more
  3. Zinc$589 mfrom Sweden 39%, Spain 14%, Portugal 14% · 17 more
  4. Molybdenum$127 mfrom Netherlands 78%, Belgium 12%, Germany 5% · 8 more
  5. Aluminium$114 mfrom Norway 54%, Sweden 27%, Luxembourg 4% · 20 more
  6. Silicon$67 mfrom Norway 62%, Poland 12%, Germany 11% · 12 more
  7. Niobium$55 mfrom Brazil 81%, Sweden 19%, France 0% · 1 more
  8. Tungsten$46 mfrom Germany 60%, United States of America 30%, Czechia 6% · 11 more

and 34 more commodities

Trade values in current US dollars (ores, concentrates, intermediates, chemicals and refined metal), not prices. * Includes HS codes that also cover other products. Source: CEPII BACI (HS22), Etalab Open Licence 2.0 — details.

Fiscal regime for mining

InstrumentApplies toRateLegal basis
RoyaltyCopper, Nickel, Cobalt, Zinc, Gold, Silver, Chromium, Platinum, Palladium, Lithium, VanadiumLouhintakorvaus (extraction fee) paid by the mining permit holder to owners of properties in the mining area: EUR 50/ha per year plus 0.15% of the calculated value of metal ore extracted; for non-metallic mining minerals a reasonable fee agreed or set by the mining authority0.15%calculated value of metal-ore mining minerals extracted and used in the year (average annual metal prices)Kaivoslaki (Mining Act) 621/2011, consolidated version incl. amendment 505/2023 · 100 §in force 2023-07-01

Rates and terms as set in the cited law or regulation; agreements with individual projects can differ. Not legal or tax advice.

Deals and financing (3)

  1. 2026-01-20 · Government grant · completed · EUR 115

    Business Finland → Easpring Finland New Materials Oy (Easpring 70% / Finnish Battery Chemicals 30%) · Easpring Finland cathode plant Phase 1

    Business Finland approved a grant of up to about EUR 115 million (capped at 20% of eligible capex) for Easpring's Finnish cathode materials plant, and paid a first instalment of EUR 27.8 million in January 2026.

    official release

  2. 2024-08-23 · Project finance · signed · EUR 150

    European Investment Bank → Keliber Oy (Sibanye-Stillwater) · Keliber lithium project, Kaustinen/Kokkola

    The EIB lent EUR 150 million, backed by an InvestEU guarantee, as part of a EUR 500 million package for Keliber's integrated lithium mine and hydroxide refinery in Finland - its first EU mining loan for critical raw materials.

    official release

  3. 2023-07-28 · Joint venture · signed · EUR 774.2

    Beijing Easpring Material Technology → Finnish Minerals Group; Finnish Battery Chemicals Oy · Easpring Finland New Materials (60 kt/y cathode plant, Phase 1)

    Easpring signed a joint venture agreement with state-owned Finnish Minerals Group and its Finnish Battery Chemicals unit to build a 60,000 t/y cathode materials plant in Finland, with planned investment of about EUR 774 million; Easpring holds 70%.

    official release

Mines and facilities (13)

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