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Greenland

Open in the explorerOrganisations (3)Events

Production, refining and reserves

CommodityMetricValueWorld rank · shareSource
Rare earthsReserves 20251.5 million t REO#7 · 2%USGS MCS 2026
UraniumResources 2023114,000 t U content#15 · 1%NEA/IAEA Red Book 2024 (Uranium 2024), Table 1.2a, <USD 260/kgU

Policies and export measures

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  • 2025-01-14 · strategy

    Greenland Mineral Resources Strategy 2025–2029

    Naalakkersuisut approved a new mineral resources strategy replacing the one that expired at the end of 2024. It has four focus areas: sustainability and society, attractive investment frameworks (including seeking support from mineral-importing countries), critical minerals, and geological mapping and geodata. Initiatives include stronger international partnerships on critical minerals and continued mapping of areas with critical-mineral and rare-earth potential.

    Source: Naalakkersuisut (Government of Greenland), Department of Mineral Resources and Justice

  • 2023-11-30 · agreement

    EU–Greenland strategic partnership on sustainable raw materials value chains

    Memorandum of understanding signed on 30 November 2023 (signature date). It covers five areas, including value-chain integration and ESG standards. The Commission notes that 25 of the 34 EU critical raw materials are found in Greenland.

    Source: European Commission

  • 2021-12-02 · ban

    Greenland Parliament Act No. 20 of 1 December 2021 banning uranium prospecting, exploration and exploitation

    Prohibits prospecting, exploration and exploitation of uranium. Projects targeting other minerals are allowed only if the average uranium content of the whole resource is below 100 ppm by weight. The Government of Greenland may extend the ban to other radioactive elements and may restrict or revoke licences where exploitation cannot comply.

    Source: Mineral Resources Authority, Government of Greenland (govmin.gl)

Trade in critical minerals

Exports 2024$71 k

  1. Lithium*$42 kto Denmark 95%, United Kingdom 3%, Canada 2% · 2 more
  2. Rare earths$22 kto Denmark 98%, Germany 2%
  3. Copper$5 kto Denmark 100%
  4. Boron*$3 kto Denmark 100%
  5. Lead$1 kto Canada 100%

Imports 2024$112 k

  1. Rare earths$78 kfrom Denmark 77%, Netherlands 22%, Austria 1% · 3 more
  2. Lead$24 kfrom Denmark 100%
  3. Aluminium$3 kfrom Denmark 89%, Iceland 11%
  4. Copper$3 kfrom Denmark 100%
  5. Cobalt*$2 kfrom Denmark 100%
  6. Lithium*$1 kfrom Canada 57%, Denmark 43%
  7. Manganese*$1 kfrom Netherlands 100%
  8. Zinc$1 kfrom Denmark 100%

Trade values in current US dollars (ores, concentrates, intermediates, chemicals and refined metal), not prices. * Includes HS codes that also cover other products. Source: CEPII BACI (HS22), Etalab Open Licence 2.0 — details.

Fiscal regime for mining

InstrumentApplies toRateLegal basis
RoyaltyAll mineralsMinerals other than REE, uranium and gemstones; corporate tax and dividend tax can be credited against the sales royalty2.5%sales value (sales royalty)Greenland mineral royalty regime as published by the Mineral Resources Authority (Naalakkersuisut); underlying Inatsisartut act not identified on the page · (not stated)
RoyaltyRare earthsRare earth elements; corporate tax and dividend tax can be offset against the sales royalty5%sales value (sales royalty)Greenland mineral royalty regime as published by the Mineral Resources Authority (Naalakkersuisut); underlying Inatsisartut act not identified on the page · (not stated)
RoyaltyUraniumUranium (no offset of corporate/dividend tax); uranium exploration and mining is banned under Inatsisartut Act no. 20 of 1 Dec 2021, so this rate is moot5%sales value (sales royalty)Greenland mineral royalty regime as published by the Mineral Resources Authority (Naalakkersuisut); underlying Inatsisartut act not identified on the page · (not stated)
RoyaltyGarnet (industrial), Diamond (industrial)Gemstones (no gem slug; garnet;diamond-industrial used as nearest)5.5%sales value (sales royalty)Greenland mineral royalty regime as published by the Mineral Resources Authority (Naalakkersuisut); underlying Inatsisartut act not identified on the page · (not stated)
Windfall / resource-rent taxAll mineralsSurplus royalty when the profit margin exceeds 40% (corporate and dividend tax cannot be offset); corporate tax 25%, combined corporate + dividend tax 36%15%surplus when profit margin exceeds 40%Greenland mineral royalty regime as published by the Mineral Resources Authority (Naalakkersuisut); underlying Inatsisartut act not identified on the page · (not stated)

Rates and terms as set in the cited law or regulation; agreements with individual projects can differ. Not legal or tax advice.

Mines and facilities (6)

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