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Myanmar

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Production, refining and reserves

CommodityMetricValueWorld rank · shareSource
Rare earthsMine production 202522,000 t REO#4 · 6%USGS MCS 2026
Rare earthsRefinery production 2025340 t magnet REE—IEA Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2026 (Critical Minerals Dataset, July 2026)
CopperMine production 202133,900 t Cu content#32 · 0.2%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2022 (copper), table 20
NickelMine production 202320,000 t Ni content#17 · 0.5%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (nickel, tables-only release), table 10
NickelRefinery production 20234,360 t Ni content (primary nickel products)#19 · 0.1%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (nickel, tables-only release), table 12
AntimonyMine production 20254,500 t Sb content#5 · 4%USGS MCS 2026
AntimonyReserves 2025140,000 t Sb content#5 · 7%USGS MCS 2026
FluorsparMine production 202053,000 t fluorspar—USGS MCS 2021
ManganeseMine production 2023585,000 t manganese ore (gross weight)#10 · 1%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (manganese), table 6
TinMine production 202512,000 t Sn content#8 · 4%USGS MCS 2026
TinReserves 2025700,000 t Sn content#4 · 12%USGS MCS 2026
TungstenMine production 202160 t W content#15 · 0.1%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2021 (tungsten), table 15
ZincMine production 202311,000 t Zn content#37 · 0.1%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2023 (zinc, tables-only release), table 16

Policies and export measures

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Trade in critical minerals

Exports 2024$1.6 bn

  1. Rare earths$818 mto China 100%, France 0%, Germany 0% · 3 more
  2. Copper$230 mto China 98%, Thailand 2%, South Korea 0%
  3. Antimony$198 mto Thailand 77%, China 15%, Japan 5% · 12 more
  4. Lead$120 mto China 75%, Thailand 11%, Malaysia 10% · 5 more
  5. Aluminium$73 mto China 61%, Thailand 35%, Malaysia 3% · 4 more
  6. Manganese$69 mto China 92%, Thailand 8%
  7. Tungsten$30 mto China 98%, Thailand 2%
  8. Zinc$29 mto China 79%, India 18%, Malaysia 3% · 2 more

and 12 more commodities

Imports 2024$54 m

  1. Antimony$23 mfrom Thailand 100%
  2. Potash$17 mfrom Germany 49%, Uzbekistan 16%, Thailand 15% · 4 more
  3. Manganese*$6 mfrom India 58%, China 31%, Zambia 9% · 2 more
  4. Rare earths$3 mfrom Vietnam 43%, China 32%, Malaysia 21% · 7 more
  5. Tin$2 mfrom Thailand 82%, South Korea 18%, China 0%
  6. Zinc$737 kfrom Singapore 86%, China 9%, India 5% · 1 more
  7. Barite$611 kfrom Thailand 95%, China 4%, Taiwan 1% · 1 more
  8. Silicon$422 kfrom China 94%, Thailand 5%, United States of America 0% · 1 more

and 22 more commodities

Trade values in current US dollars (ores, concentrates, intermediates, chemicals and refined metal), not prices. * Includes HS codes that also cover other products. Source: CEPII BACI (HS22), Etalab Open Licence 2.0 — details.

Fiscal regime for mining

InstrumentApplies toRateLegal basis
RoyaltyGold, Platinum, UraniumRoyalty under the 2015 amended Mines Law: gold, platinum, uranium 5% (4-5% under the 1994 Law)5%sale value of the mineral at the international market price of the period (ad valorem); payable in cash or in kindMyanmar Mines Law 1994 as amended by the Law Amending the Myanmar Mines Law, 2015 · s. 18
RoyaltySilver, Copper, Nickel, Titanium (ilmenite), Titanium (rutile), Zirconium (zircon)Royalty under the 2015 amended Mines Law: silver, copper, nickel, heavy mineral sands and others 4% (slugs ilmenite, rutile and zirconium used for heavy sands)4%sale value of the mineral at the international market price of the period (ad valorem); payable in cash or in kindMyanmar Mines Law 1994 as amended by the Law Amending the Myanmar Mines Law, 2015 · s. 18
RoyaltyIron ore, Zinc, Tin, Aluminium, Arsenic, Manganese, CobaltRoyalty under the 2015 amended Mines Law: iron, zinc, tin, aluminium, arsenic, manganese, cobalt and other metals 3%; industrial minerals and stones 2%. Gems (Myanmar Gems Law as amended 30 Jan 2019): rubies, sapphires and jade 10%, other gems 5%3%sale value of the mineral at the international market price of the period (ad valorem); payable in cash or in kindMyanmar Mines Law 1994 as amended by the Law Amending the Myanmar Mines Law, 2015 · s. 18

Rates and terms as set in the cited law or regulation; agreements with individual projects can differ. Not legal or tax advice.

Mines and facilities (8)

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