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Philippines

Open in the explorerOrganisations (14)Events

Production, refining and reserves

CommodityMetricValueWorld rank · shareSource
CobaltMine production 20253,700 t Co content#6 · 1%USGS MCS 2026
CobaltReserves 2025260,000 t Co content#6 · 2%USGS MCS 2026
CopperMine production 202259,509 t Cu content#28 · 0.3%USGS Minerals Yearbook 2022 (copper), table 20
NickelMine production 2025270,000 t Ni content#2 · 7%USGS MCS 2026
NickelReserves 20254.8 million t Ni content#6 · 3%USGS MCS 2026
SeleniumRefinery production 201270 t Se content (refined)#1 · 4%USGS MCS 2013
SeleniumReserves 2012500 t Se content#6 · 0.5%USGS MCS 2013
PerliteMine production 202520,000 t perlite#13 · 0.4%USGS MCS 2026
Zeolites (natural)Mine production 20256,300 t natural zeolites#11 · 0.5%USGS MCS 2026

Policies and export measures

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  • 2026-08-21 · incentive

    Executive Order No. 122 (2026) - national policy framework for the mining and critical minerals sector

    Sets a national framework for the mining and critical minerals sector that promotes value-added processing and downstream industries, plus side-stream industries such as critical mineral recovery and recycling. It also streamlines government processes, and the Finance and Environment secretaries co-chair the Mining Industry Coordinating Council.

    Source: Department of Finance, Republic of the Philippines

  • 2025-09-04 · incentive

    Republic Act No. 12253 - Enhanced Fiscal Regime for Large-Scale Metallic Mining Act

    Sets a single fiscal regime for large-scale metallic mining: tiered royalties on mines outside mineral reservations, a tiered windfall profits tax, ring-fencing and thin-capitalisation rules, and tighter monitoring of mineral sales and exports. It removes earlier tax distinctions between types of mining agreement; DOF issued implementing rules in December 2025.

    Source: Department of Finance, Republic of the Philippines

  • 2021-04-14 · incentive

    Executive Order No. 130 (2021) lifting the moratorium on new mineral agreements

    Amends Section 4 of EO 79 (2012) to lift the moratorium on new mineral agreements, allowing the government to enter into them under the Philippine Mining Act of 1995. It directs DENR to set terms that maximise government revenue, possibly by declaring mineral reservations, and to review existing contracts.

    Source: Supreme Court of the Philippines E-Library

Trade in critical minerals

Exports 2024$6.1 bn

  1. Copper$3.1 bnto China 47%, Thailand 13%, South Korea 11% · 14 more
  2. Nickel$2.4 bnto China 57%, Japan 25%, Indonesia 18% · 15 more
  3. Rare earths$289 mto Japan 65%, South Korea 12%, Germany 5% · 41 more
  4. Aluminium$144 mto China 40%, South Korea 28%, India 16% · 15 more
  5. Cobalt*$46 mto China 89%, Cambodia 5%, Indonesia 2% · 4 more
  6. Chromium$37 mto China 99%, South Korea 1%, Spain 0%
  7. Tungsten$26 mto China 85%, United States of America 14%, Japan 1% · 1 more
  8. Lead$19 mto China 43%, India 28%, Vietnam 20% · 5 more

and 20 more commodities

Imports 2024$2.7 bn

  1. Copper$1.9 bnfrom Australia 36%, Indonesia 17%, Peru 10% · 24 more
  2. Rare earths$358 mfrom Japan 60%, Vietnam 23%, China 10% · 30 more
  3. Lead$101 mfrom Australia 61%, Malaysia 38%, Singapore 0% · 8 more
  4. Phosphate rock$71 mfrom Morocco 73%, Senegal 13%, Jordan 11% · 4 more
  5. Potash$64 mfrom Canada 50%, Laos 15%, Jordan 13% · 19 more
  6. Aluminium$62 mfrom Taiwan 21%, Malaysia 19%, United Arab Emirates 14% · 30 more
  7. Nickel$34 mfrom Belgium 38%, Netherlands 26%, Japan 11% · 19 more
  8. Manganese*$22 mfrom India 54%, Japan 15%, Indonesia 13% · 10 more

and 33 more commodities

Trade values in current US dollars (ores, concentrates, intermediates, chemicals and refined metal), not prices. * Includes HS codes that also cover other products. Source: CEPII BACI (HS22), Etalab Open Licence 2.0 — details.

Fiscal regime for mining

InstrumentApplies toRateLegal basis
RoyaltyCopper, Gold, Nickel, Chromium, Iron ore, Silver, CobaltLarge-scale metallic mines OUTSIDE mineral reservations: 5-tier royalty from 1% to 5%; a minimum royalty of 0.1% on gross output applies to mines below the margin threshold. Mines inside mineral reservations keep paying the reservation royalty (10% of its proceeds earmarked for exploration and research)1-5 sliding scalemargin-based (tiers by operating margin); minimum 0.1% of gross outputRepublic Act No. 12253 - Enhanced Fiscal Regime for Large-Scale Metallic Mining Act (signed 4 Sep 2025) · (sections not read)in force 2025-09-04
Corporate income tax (mining)All mineralsDomestic corporations in general 25% from 1 Jul 2020 (20% if net taxable income <= PHP 5 million and total assets excluding land <= PHP 100 million); minimum corporate income tax 1% of gross income (1 Jul 2020-30 Jun 2023), 2% afterwards; the higher of regular tax and MCIT is due25%regular net taxable incomeNational Internal Revenue Code of 1997, Sec. 27(A), as amended by RA 11534 (CREATE); implemented by BIR Revenue Regulations No. 5-2021 · NIRC Sec. 27(A), 27(E); RR 5-2021 Sec. 3in force 2020-07-01
Windfall / resource-rent taxCopper, Gold, Nickel, Chromium, Iron ore, Silver, Cobalt5-tier windfall profits tax from 1% to 10%, applying to all large-scale metallic mining operations; regime also adds 2:1 thin-capitalisation and project ring-fencing rules1-10 sliding scalewindfall profits (margin-based tiers)Republic Act No. 12253 - Enhanced Fiscal Regime for Large-Scale Metallic Mining Act (signed 4 Sep 2025) · (sections not read)in force 2025-09-04

Rates and terms as set in the cited law or regulation; agreements with individual projects can differ. Not legal or tax advice.

Mines and facilities (16)

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